We investigated the effects of reduced oxygen-carrying capacity on cardiac function during acute hemodilution, while the\r\nplasma viscosity was increased in anesthetized animals. Two levels of oxygen-carrying capacity were created by 1-step and 2-\r\nstep hemodilution in male golden Syrian hamsters. In the 1-step hemodilution (1-HD), 40% of the animals� blood volume (BV)\r\nwas exchanged with 6% dextran 70 kDa (Dx70) or dextran 2000 kDa (Dx2M). In the 2-step hemodilution (2-HD), 25% of the\r\nanimals� BV was exchanged with Dx70 followed by 40% BV exchanged with Dx70 or Dx2M after 30 minutes of first hemodilution.\r\nOxygen delivery in the 2-HD group consequently decreased by 17% and 38% compared to that in the 1-HD group hemodiluted\r\nwith Dx70 and Dx2M, respectively. End-systolic pressure and maximum rate of pressure change in the 2-HD group significantly\r\nlowered compared with that in the 1-HD group for both Dx70 and Dx2M. Cardiac output in the 2-HD group hemodiluted with\r\nDx2M was significantly higher compared with that hemodiluted with Dx70. In conclusion, increasing plasma viscosity associated\r\nwith lowering oxygen-carrying capacity should be considerably balanced to maintain the cardiac performance, especially in the\r\nstate of anesthesia.
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